pyinstaller简介

pyinstaller是一个常用的python脚本打包工具，可以将python脚本打包成可执行文件，方便在没有python环境的系统中使用

使用方法

usage: pyinstaller [-h] [-v] [-D] [-F] [--specpath DIR] [-n NAME]                   [--add-data 
    
     ]                   [--add-binary 
     
      ] [-p DIR]                   [--hidden-import MODULENAME]                   [--additional-hooks-dir HOOKSPATH]                   [--runtime-hook RUNTIME_HOOKS] [--exclude-module EXCLUDES]                   [--key KEY] [-d {all,imports,bootloader,noarchive}] [-s]                   [--noupx] [--upx-exclude FILE] [-c] [-w]                   [-i 
      
       ]                   [--version-file FILE] [-m 
       
        ] [-r RESOURCE]                   [--uac-admin] [--uac-uiaccess] [--win-private-assemblies]                   [--win-no-prefer-redirects]                   [--osx-bundle-identifier BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER]                   [--runtime-tmpdir PATH] [--bootloader-ignore-signals]                   [--distpath DIR] [--workpath WORKPATH] [-y]                   [--upx-dir UPX_DIR] [-a] [--clean] [--log-level LEVEL]                   scriptname [scriptname ...]必需的参数:  scriptname          处理的脚本名 或者.spec-file文件名选项:  -h, --help            显示帮助文档并退出  -v, --version         显示版本信息并退出.  --distpath DIR        设置生成文件的目录 (缺省为 .\dist)  --workpath WORKPATH   设置临时文件目录, .log, .pyz  and etc. (default: .\build)  -y, --noconfirm       替换输出目录 (缺省为 SPECPATH\dist\SPECNAME) ，不需要确认  --upx-dir UPX_DIR      UPX的目录 (缺少会搜索可执行目录)  -a, --ascii           不包含unicode 编辑支持 (默认会包含)  --clean               在生成可执行文件前会清理pyinstaller缓存和临时文件  --log-level LEVEL     build过程中的日志级别. 包括5个级别，TRACE, DEBUG, INFO, WARN, ERROR,CRITICAL (默认为 INFO).指定生成的文件:  -D, --onedir          生成一个目录，包括一个可执行文件(默认)  -F, --onefile         只生成生成一个文件  --specpath DIR        指定spec目录，缺省为当前目录  -n NAME, --name NAME  指定可执行文件的名称，缺少为脚本的名称What to bundle, where to search:  --add-data 
        
          指定需要包含到目标文件中的非二进制文件，这个选项可以被执行多次，src;dest为windows，src:dest为linux  --add-binary 
         
           指定需要包含到目标文件中的二进制文件，这个选项可以被执行多次，src;dest为windows，src:dest为linux -p DIR, --paths DIR 指定import目录(like using PYTHONPATH)，可使用;隔开，或使用多次该选项 --hidden-import MODULENAME, --hiddenimport MODULENAME 指定不需要引入的包，可使用多次 --additional-hooks-dir HOOKSPATH 添加hooks目录，可使用多次 --runtime-hook RUNTIME_HOOKS 自定义运行时hook文件， Path to a custom runtime hook file. A runtime hook is code that is bundled with the executable and is executed before any other code or module to set up special features of the runtime environment. This option can be used multiple times. --exclude-module EXCLUDES Optional module or package (the Python name, not the path name) that will be ignored (as though it was not found). This option can be used multiple times. --key KEY 用来加密二进制码的key如何生成: -d {all,imports,bootloader,noarchive}, --debug {all,imports,bootloader,noarchive} Provide assistance with debugging a frozen application. This argument may be provided multiple times to select several of the following options. - all: All three of the following options. - imports: specify the -v option to the underlying Python interpreter, causing it to print a message each time a module is initialized, showing the place (filename or built-in module) from which it is loaded. See https://docs.python.org/3/using/cmdline.html#id4. - bootloader: tell the bootloader to issue progress messages while initializing and starting the bundled app. Used to diagnose problems with missing imports. - noarchive: instead of storing all frozen Python source files as an archive inside the resulting executable, store them as files in the resulting output directory. -s, --strip Apply a symbol-table strip to the executable and shared libs (not recommended for Windows) --noupx 不使用noupx (works differently between Windows and *nix) --upx-exclude FILE Prevent a binary from being compressed when using upx. This is typically used if upx corrupts certain binaries during compression. FILE is the filename of the binary without path. This option can be used multiple times.Windows and Mac OS X specific options: -c, --console, --nowindowed 打开一个标准的控制台窗口 -w, --windowed, --noconsole 不显示console窗口.在 *NIX 系统中该选项没有用. -i 
          
           , --icon 
           
             FILE.ico: 为windows可执行文件指定图标. FILE.exe,ID, 从一个exe中根据ID提取出icon FILE.icns: 在MAC os系统中指定app文件的iconWindows specific options: --version-file FILE 指定version resource文件 -m 
            
             , --manifest 
             
               add manifest FILE or XML to the exe -r RESOURCE, --resource RESOURCE Add or update a resource to a Windows executable. The RESOURCE is one to four items, FILE[,TYPE[,NAME[,LANGUAGE]]]. FILE can be a data file or an exe/dll. For data files, at least TYPE and NAME must be specified. LANGUAGE defaults to 0 or may be specified as wildcard * to update all resources of the given TYPE and NAME. For exe/dll files, all resources from FILE will be added/updated to the final executable if TYPE, NAME and LANGUAGE are omitted or specified as wildcard *.This option can be used multiple times. --uac-admin Using this option creates a Manifest which will request elevation upon application restart. --uac-uiaccess Using this option allows an elevated application to work with Remote Desktop.Windows Side-by-side Assembly searching options (advanced): --win-private-assemblies Any Shared Assemblies bundled into the application will be changed into Private Assemblies. This means the exact versions of these assemblies will always be used, and any newer versions installed on user machines at the system level will be ignored. --win-no-prefer-redirects While searching for Shared or Private Assemblies to bundle into the application, PyInstaller will prefer not to follow policies that redirect to newer versions, and will try to bundle the exact versions of the assembly.Mac OS X specific options: --osx-bundle-identifier BUNDLE_IDENTIFIER Mac OS X .app bundle identifier is used as the default unique program name for code signing purposes. The usual form is a hierarchical name in reverse DNS notation. For example: com.mycompany.department.appname (default: first script's basename)Rarely used special options: --runtime-tmpdir PATH Where to extract libraries and support files in `onefile`-mode. If this option is given, the bootloader will ignore any temp-folder location defined by the run-time OS. The ``_MEIxxxxxx``-folder will be created here. Please use this option only if you know what you are doing. --bootloader-ignore-signals Tell the bootloader to ignore signals rather than forwarding them to the child process. Useful in situations where e.g. a supervisor process signals both the bootloader and child (e.g. via a process group) to avoid signalling the child twice.
             
            
           
          
         
        
       
      
     
    

打包注意事项

• python文件中尽量使用from * import *
• 不要在anaconda环境下打包，生成的目标文件会非常大

参考资料